مقاله A hardware centric algorithm for the best matching unit searching stage of the SOM-based quantizer and its FPGA implementation : تی پی بین

خلاصه مقاله

Parts of a self-organizing map (SOM)-based quantizer can be performed in parallel, i.e., distance calculation between an input pixel and a group of codewords or processing elements (PEs), and updating codewords. To search for the best matching unit (BMU) whose distance is the minimum, all distances are inevitably required to compare with each other. It is true that a group of comparators and registers can be instantiated with equal size to the distances (which is equivalent to the number of PEs) and performed in a multistage manner to come up with the minimum distance and its index. In this way, the algorithm requires n = log2 C clock cycles, where C is the number of PEs and∑n−1k=02k are the number of comparators and registers. In this paper, we propose a novel hardware centric algorithm with the objective to accelerate the BMU searching stage of the SOM-based quantizer. In a simple form, the algorithm relies on using a PE’s distance as an address of a memory to store its index. Simultaneously with storing indices of all PEs, the states of all ‘non-empty’ addresses within the memory are prepared. In this way, it can be stated that the position of the first non-empty state corresponds to the memory address whose content is the BMU index. The approach to find the first position of the non-empty state within a single clock cycle is also detailed. The algorithm is also adapted to make it more feasible to realize on an FPGA platform. The synthesis results compared with the conventional BMU searching indicate that the FPGA resource requirements of the algorithm are 1.8 and 1.57 times in terms of slices and LUT usages, respectively. In terms of acceleration, the algorithm outperforms the conventional ones by a factor of 1.8 for a test image of size 512 × 512 pixels.

نویسندگان

W. Kurdthongmee [ Division of Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Resources Management, Walailak University, 222 Thaibury, Tha-sa-la, Nakorn-si-thammarat, 80160, Thailand ]

کلمات کلیدی

Image compression Image quantization Self organizing map Multi port memory

آدرس این مقاله

آدرس مستقیم دسترسی به این مقاله

مشخصات کنفرانس

مشاهده مقالات

Journal of Real-Time Image Processing 2013

Although there are many journals addressing the subject of image processing, the Journal of Real-Time Image Processing (JRTIP) is the only one that is solely dedicated to the real-time aspect of image and video processing. It is often the case that an image processing algorithm is developed and proven theoretically sound, presumably with a specific application in mind, but its practical applications and the detailed steps, methodology, and trade-off analysis required to achieve its real-time performance are never fully explored. JRTIP is thus intended to bridge the gap between the theory and practice of image and video processing, serving the greater community of researchers, practicing engineers, and industrial professionals who deal with designing, implementing or utilizing real-time image and video processing systems. The real-time aspect is critical in many real-world devices or products such as mobile phones, digital still/video/cell-phone cameras, portable media players, personal digital assistants, high-definition television, video surveillance systems, industrial visual inspection systems, medical imaging devices, vision-assisted intelligent robots, spectral imaging systems, and many other embedded image or video processing systems. Topics covered in the journal include: Real-time image and video processing algorithmsReal-time embedded image/video processing systems Real-time image and video processing hardware and architecture including FPGA, DSP, GPU, GPP, ASIC, System-on-Chip (SoC), and System-in-a-Package (SiP) implementations Real-time software optimizations and related design paradigms for image/video processingReal-time hardware/software co-design for image and video processing Real-time image and video processing applications including digital, cell-phone, and smart cameras, machine vision, industrial inspection, surveillance and security, image and video compression, for transmission and for database storage and retrieval, biomedical imaging, spectral imaging, etc.

حوزه های تحت پوشش : Image Processing and Computer Vision, Multimedia Information Systems, Computer Graphics, Pattern Recognition