low-cycle fatigue behavior of 95.8sn-3.5ag-0.7cu solder joints

low-cycle fatigue (lcf) behavior of 95.8sn-3.5ag-0.7cu solder joints was investigated over a range of test temperatures (25°c, 75°c, and 125°c), frequencies (0.001 hz, 0.01 hz, and 0.1 hz), and strain ranges (0.78%, 1.6%, and 3.1%). effects of temperature and frequency on the lcf life were studied. results show that the lcf lifetime decreases with an increase in test temperature or a decrease of test frequency, which is attributed to the longer exposure time to creep and the stress relaxation mechanism during fatigue testing. a modified coffin–manson model considering effects of temperature and frequency on the lcf life is proposed. the fatigue exponent and ductility coefficient were found to be influenced by both the temperature and frequency. by fitting the experimental data, the mathematical relations between the fatigue exponent and temperature, and ductility coefficient and temperature, were analyzed. scanning electron microscopy (sem) of the cross-sections and fracture surfaces of failed specimens at different temperature and frequency was applied to verify the failure mechanisms.