the role of inclined clay core on the shell seepage rate

seepage analysis is a significant issue for civil engineering projects including dams, canals and reservoirs. if it is not properly addressed, it will result in the failure and finally instability of earth dams. this article studies the water seepage from the shell of san fernando earth dam in los angeles, the u.s., focusing on the changes in clay core angle by geo-studio software. the results of such changes have been compared for three conditions of vertical clay core, and clay cores with 20° and 40° angles from the vertical line. the comparison of seepage rate in these three conditions reveals that vertical and 20° states are more convergent than 40° state and seepage rate is higher for the construction of clay core with a 40° angle, despite some executive advantages it may have. moreover, the fluctuation of seepage rate at the entry and exit sections of the core is higher than the seepage path.