large eddy simulation of the unsteady flow-field in an idealized human mouth–throat configuration

the present study concerns the simulation and analysis of the flow field in the upper human respiratory system in order to gain an improved understanding of the complex flow field with respect to the process affecting drug delivery for medical treatment of the human air system. for this purpose, large eddy simulation (les) is chosen because of its powerful performance in the transitional range of laminar and turbulent flow fields. the average gas velocity in a constricted tube is compared with experimental data ( ahmed and giddens, 1983 ) and numerical data from reynolds-averaged navier–stokes (rans) equations coupled with low reynolds number (lrn) κ–ω model ( zhang and kleinstreuer, 2003 ) and lrn shear–stress transport κ–ω model ( jayaraju et al., 2007 ), for model validation. the present study emphasizes on the instantaneous flow field, where the simulations capture different scales of secondary vortices in different flow zones including recirculation zones, the laryngeal jet zone, the mixing zone, and the wall shear layer. it is observed that the laryngeal jet tail breaks up, and the unsteady motion of laryngeal jet is coupled with the unsteady distribution of secondary vortices in the jet boundary. the present results show that it is essential to study the unsteady flow field since it strongly affects the particle flow in the human upper respiratory system associated with drug delivery for medical treatment.