a finger motion model for reach and grasp

this study aimed to develop a model that describes human finger motion for simulation of reach and grasp for selected objects and tasks. finger joint angles and timing of their changes were measured for six subjects as they reached 20–40 cm and grasped cylindrical handles (1.3–10.2 cm d) of varying orientation (vertical/axial). the empirical results from multiple regression analyses served as inputs to allow a fourth order polynomial to predict motion of each finger joint. the proposed model showed good fit with observations, with high coefficients of determination from 0.54 to 1 and reasonable errors from 0.04° to 5.44° for all conditions considered. the proposed finger motion model was implemented in an existing kinematic hand model to employ a contact algorithm for refined prediction of grip posture and to illustrate its predictive power by graphically displaying the opening and closing of the hand. relevance to industry finger joint motions during reach and grasp are needed for prediction of (1) tendon excursions for study of work-related musculoskeletal disorders, (2) required space for the hand, (3) finger locations on work objects, and (4) hand grip postures and strength.