tunnels energy assessment; examples and solution

tunnels energy assessment; examples and solution

in the last years, besides traffic safety, two aspects of tunnels have become discussed: management of energy dissipation against failure in deep tunnels and solutions to make tunnels sustain. however, both aspects have been considered from different perspectives and their development and advances seem to follow separate paths. there are two sides of energy, first, a brief reference to mechanism of deformation and consider the energy dissipation in deep rock tunnels, in the latter part, and it has evaluated the official statistics about energy consumption during construction. in terms of both construction and operation, tunnels are the most energy demanding of road infrastructure assets. the construction of every tunnel is energy intensive due to the volume of excavation required and the energy embodied in the materials that form the structure of the tunnel.