development and application of fire video image detection technology in china’s road tunnels

a large number of highway tunnels, urban road tunnels and underwater tunnels have been constructed throughout china over the last two decades. with the rapid increase in vehicle traffic, the number of fire incidents in road tunnels have also substantially increased. this paper aims to review the development and application of fire video image detection (vid) technology and their impact on fire safety in china’s road tunnels. the challenges of fire safety in china’s road tunnels are analyzed. the capabilities and limitations of fire detection technologies currently used in china’s road tunnels are discussed. the research and development of fire vid technology in road tunnels, including various detection algorithms, evolution of vid systems and evaluation of their performances in various tunnel tests are reviewed. some cases involving vid applications in china’s road tunnels are reported. the studies show that the fire vid systems have unique features in providing fire protection and their detection capability and reliability have been enhanced over the decades with the advance in detection algorithms, hardware and integration with other tunnel systems. they have become an important safety system in china’s road tunnels.