investigation of the behavior of liquid on pressure in buried pipe under blast

in this study, a parametric study on buried pipes under soil was performed as a result of blast loading. effects of various parameters such as physical properties of water, oil, air, soil, pipe and t.n.t have been investigated. the arbitrary lagrangian-eulerian (ale) method was employed using ls-dyna software. the maximum pressure in a buried pipe explosive was seen when the angle was about 0° to 45° and the minimum pressure occurred when the angle was about 45° to 90°. therefore, all figures in this study illustrate that  pressure of fluid in buried pipes can help in stabilizing pipes.