blindness and vision according to josé de saramago “examining symbolic notions and the fictional elements of ‘blindness’ and ‘vision ”

josé de saramago is the first portuguese writer to win the nobel prize for literature (1998). the two novels “blindness essay” and “essay on lucidity” are among the permanent works of the world literature and are more prominent than his other works of art. in a short comparison between these two works, new information was obtained on the elements of fiction, language, style, and thoughts governing the spirit of the stories. the topic that is worth more muse and reflection over is the highly compressed relationship between these two works, which are complementary to each other: how the writer with his own intelligence and purity has managed to combine blindness, white illness, with vision - where the white vote means blindness or spiritual illness - by means of which he has shown the inability of human in proper understanding of the facts. this study adopted documentary, descriptive, and analytical approaches to compare these two works.