study on tissue culture, callus induction and micropropagation of rosemary (rosemary officinalis)

rosemary plant (rosemary officinalis) shows many pharmacological effects due to having different active ingredients and metabolites. therefore, an important step of in vitro reproduction of this plant and then evaluating metabolites produced in the callus induction step can effectively help in extracting the active ingredients of the plant. in order to determine the best conditions for callus formation, different levels of iba (0, 1, 5, 10 μm) and bap (0, 1, 5, 10 μm) were considered alone or in combination at the factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with 5 replications. the highest amount of callus formation was obtained from leaf explants' culture in the treatment containing 10 μm iba in combination with 10 and 5 μm bap. to induce aerial organs, stem parts with a node in the murashige and skoog (ms) basal culture medium containing different levels of bap and kinetin (each with four levels of 0, 1, 2 and 3 mg). the results revealed that the best treatments for induction of aerial organs from nodal segments were treatments containing 2 mg/l bap and 3 mg/l kinetin. hormones of naa and iba (each in three levels of 0, 0.5 and 1 mg/l) were used separately for root induction. the results obtained in the rooting step showed the treatment with 0.5 mg/l iba as the best treatment in root formation.