investigation and analysis of energy management system in a microgrid with the presence of renewable units

investigation and analysis of energy management system in a microgrid with the presence of renewable units

in recent years, the power system has been evolved into microgrids, which are little pockets of self-contained entities. different distributed, interconnected generation units, loads, and energy storage units make up a typical microgrid system. the increased energy efficiency of these units on microgrids is gaining popularity day by day. because of their stochastic behavior, renewable generation causes an imbalance in the power system, which needs microgrid energy management.

renewable energy sources have emerged as an alternative to meet the growing demand for energy, mitigate climate change, and contribute to sustainable development. the integration of these systems is carried out in a distributed manner via microgrid systems; this provides a set of technological solutions that allows information exchange between the consumers and the distributed generation centers, which implies that they need to be managed optimally. energy management in microgrids is defined as an information and control system that provides the necessary functionality, which ensures that both the generation and distribution systems supply energy at minimal operational costs.

this paper presents a literature review of energy management in microgrid systems using renewable energies, along with a comparative analysis of the diferent optimization objectives, constraints, solution approaches, and simulation tools applied to both the interconnected and isolated microgrids. to manage the intermittent nature of renewable energy, energy storage technology is considered to be an attractive option due to increased technological maturity, energy density, and capability of providing grid services such as frequency response. finally, future directions on predictive modeling mainly for energy storage systems are also proposed.